Planejamento urbano participativo de interesse social em Fortaleza: uma análise sobre a construção do Plano Integrado de Regularização Fundiária em zonas especiais

Abstract

The right to housing is one of the fundamental rights provided for in the 1988 Constitution, and for its implementation it is necessary to carry out public policies, which are the responsibility of the Municipality that, according to the national guidelinesof Brazilian urban policy, must be elaborated and implemented with effective participation popular. One of the urban planning instruments available in Brazilian legislation to promote access to the right to housing for the low-income population is the Special Zones of Social Interest (ZEIS), which are a form of social zoning designedto demarcate territories lacking services and infrastructure. In order to diagnose and establish specific urban, social and legal parameters for land regularization in the Bom Jardim, Poço da Draga and Pici communities, which were demarcated as ZEIS in Fortaleza, in 2019 an Integrated Land Regularization Plan (PIRF) was prepared for each community. Thus, the present work aims to analyze the degree of importance ofsocial participation in the elaboration of the PIRFs of the referred communities for the realization of the principles of participatory management of the city and the right to housing. To this end, bibliographic research was used, with the reading of scientific articles, books, reports, dissertations, laws and municipal decrees on the subject of the right to housing involving the implementation of ZEIS in Fortaleza and the elaborationof the PIRF. In view of the analysis of these documents, it is understood that the elaboration of the PIRF is an advance in the popular struggle for the right to housing and that the Plan, due to the methodology of popular participation, contains propositions that reflect the real needs of the community. However, for the materialization of the proposals contained in the Plans, the collaboration of the Public Power is necessary to overcome the challenges of the legal and administrative procedures for the execution of the necessary actions for the land and urban planning regularization of these ZEIS.