Crenças e atitudes linguísticas no falar de Fortaleza: elevação das vogais médias pretônicas

Abstract

This research seeks to discover beliefs and linguistic attitudes of fortalezenses and nonfortalezenses, speakers representatives of diverse dialects, in relation to the use of the medial vogues /e/ > /i/ and /o/ > /u/, which coincide in the pretonic position. We verify that, despite scientific research in several Brazilian regions and from different orientations, there is an emphasis on the pretonic vowel square on production optics, there is no known existence of research with a sociolinguistic basis (third wave) that deals with the issue of Fortaleza’s speach. It intends to fill this gap and contribute to the sociolinguistic characterization of Brazilian Portuguese, specifically not referring to the beliefs and attitudes of pretonic media in the city of Fortaleza. The work has theoretical-methodological bases on the principles of Sociolinguistics and studies on Beliefs e Attitudes (LABOV, 2008; WLH, 2006; CALVET, 2002; TARALLO, 1990; MOLLICA & BRAGA, 2020; BAGNO, 2007; ECKERT, 2012; LAMBERT E LAMBERT, 1966; FERNÁNDEZ, 1998), in the orientations of Fonetics and Phonology of Brazilian Portuguese (CALLOU & LEITE, 2009; CRISTÓFARO SILVA, 2003; CÂMARA JR. 2004) and of Dialetology (NASCENTES, 1953; CARDOSO, 2015; ALENCAR, 2007; AMARAL, 1920). The methodology consists of the application of two questionnaires (one closed and the other evaluative closed) to 24 students: 8 natives of Fortaleza, 8 from Pará and 8 from São Paulo, all residents of the city of Fortaleza for at least five years. The questionnaires were created on the Google Forms platform, a tool that we see being widely used in academic research during the pandemic period, in view of being considered a free tool for creating online forms, accessible to any user who has a Google account, besides being able to be accessed easily, including by cell phone; The application of two questions is given through the virtual networks Whatsapp, Instagram and also by e-mail, due to the pandemic scenario. We used, in both questionaries, the technique of false pairs (matched-guises), very common in the study of beliefs and attitudes. The research presents innovative aspects that have been taken up by the study of pretonic media vogues not/doing fortalezense based on evaluative tests of the study of Crenças e Atitudes, whose results show that fortalezenses, regardless of age, sex and schooling, make a Positive self-assessment of its own dialect, not that it refers to the variants <e> and <o>. Among the people from Pará and São Paulo there is a less positive evaluation on the keywords: Sociolinguistics, Beliefs e Attitudes; Pretonic Middle Vogals fortaleza’s speach; The pretonic vocalic alteration was presented as a phenomenon that is “above” the level of linguistic awareness of two people from Pará and two from São Paulo and “below” the level of awareness of two residents of Fortaleza. Finally, it is possible to confirm, on the basis of beliefs and linguistic attitudes, the postulate of Nascentes (1953): the pretonic vocalic evaluation represents a Brazilian dialectal delimiter.