Epidemiologia da síndrome de fagilidade em idosos residentes em área urbana de Fortaleza, Ceará

Abstract

The Fragility Syndrome is a clinical condition defined by increased vulnerability of the elderly to adverse events such as falls, hospitalizations and death from a reduction in the reserve and resistance to stress resulting in the decline of cumulative systems physiological. The standardization of the evaluation was determined by the presence of three or more changes such as weight loss, slowing the march, feeling of exhaustion, physical inactivity and muscle weakness. OBJECTIVES - To assess the epidemiological aspects of fragility syndrome in the elderly residents in urban area of ​​Fortaleza, Ceará. METHODS - It is home to a cross-sectional study evaluated a sample of elderly (N = 1061) of the urban area of ​​Fortaleza, Ceará. The survey consisted of an interview structured testing and performance evaluation. Sociodemographic characteristics and economic cronicodegenerativas diseases were collected and were addressed from the self-reference. All individuals were evaluated on the criteria of frailty: weakness, slowness marching, physical inactivity, weight loss and feeling of exhaustion, and classified as fragile Pre-fragile and robust as the presence of three or more, and no one or two criteria, respectively. RESULTS - The elderly studied were mostly female (72%) and had a higher prevalence in the age group 60 to 69 years (45.8%). The states civilians who determine the absence of a spouse, single / separated (22.6%) and widowed (35%), were the most frequent of the sample. In the category household living, the elderly live with more than a generation as being the trigeracional found (37.9%). As for the evaluation of frailty, among subjects, 16.2% were fragile, robust 10% and 73.7% préfrágeis. As for the sociodemographic and economic variables, the frail elderly showed older age groups, low education and lower income levels, and the majority live alone, while the robust were characterized with lower age group and 60 to 69anos with better levels of education and income. With regard to morbidity, cancer and only depression were similar between classes, not brittle and fragile (p> 0.05), while cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and myocardial infarction, metabolic disorders represented for Diabetes Mellitus and neuropsychiatric as Parkinson's and dementia were the most-reported the frail elderly. The association of syndromic diagnosis with deleterious events such as falls, impaired Activities of Daily Living and hospitalizations in this age group was verified in this research. CONCLUSIONS - The prevalence of frailty was high and among the aspects socioeconomic associated with this event, there was a higher incidence in the groups with with low education and income. Among the living arrangements, there was a greater connection multinucleated with families and financial dependence on the inputs of the elderly, since family income and individual resembles the elderly. Frailty is a clinical condition that is involved directly proportional to the number of diseases crônicodegenerativas, included in this scope of cardiovascular disorders, neuropsychiatric, rheumatological and neoplastic. The elderly in be classified as fragile in this study was related to situations deleterious aging as falls, loss of functional capacity and hospitalization. In this context, then there is the opportunity to study for the control of the defining criteria for the promotion of fragility the health of the elderly as physical inactivity and difficulty walking are the main questions prevalent in this fragile population.