Zonear para recuperar: proposições para o semiárido brasileiro (Alto Santo-CE)

Abstract

Degradation is a problem that affects several spheres such as the environment, society and economy. One of the main factors that trigger this environmental impact is the inappropriate use and occupation of land, a fact that often occurs due to the lack of territorial planning. The brazilian semiarid region is the most affected by this process due to its natural and socioeconomic conditions, being common the occurrence of areas susceptible to the irreversible phase of this damage: desertification. Thus, the objective of the research was to propose an environmental zoning of the municipality of Alto Santo - CE as a means of contributing to the delimitation of methods and procedures for the recovery of degraded areas in this spatiality, functioning as a subsidy to the sustainable development process of the region. The thesis had as theoretical foundation the following themes: environment, systemic analysis, land use planning, environmental degradation and degraded land recovery. Regarding the methodology, the study was based on integrated environmental analysis and on the Geosystemic Theory. From this, the environmental, use and occupation and socioeconomic characterization was carried out, in addition to the thematic mapping. Through an interdisciplinary view of the variables that compose the space combined with information collected in the field, systemic units were delimited. These, served as support for the proposition of zoning, where four types of zones were identified for the research area: Environmental Preservation Zone, Sustainable Use Zone, Environmental Recovery Zone and Urban Expansion Zone. The suggestion of recovery measures for degraded areas took into account the particularities of each zone and had as main concern the economic viability of the execution of the recommended technical projects. The final products of this scientific examination are configured as tools to assist environmental management capable of significantly contributing to the promotion of sustainable development if adopted by the municipality. Furthermore, it is expected that this investigation will serve as a model for the application of this methodology in other regions with degraded areas.