Rabdomiólisis y fallo renal agudo asociados con el consumo de cocaína y ejercicio vigoroso

Abstract

Rhabdomyolysis is a clinical condition in which there is injury to the muscle, which causes the release of celular components into circulation, and one of the complications isa cute kidney injury. We describe the case of a 46 years old patient, drug user for more than 20 years, who has uses large amount of cocaine and then went to practice a strenuous exercise. After the episode he developed moderate intensity abdominal pain, associated with dark-colored urine and oliguria, along with nausea, vomiting and fever. He was admitted with respiratory insufficiency, acute kidney injury and metabolic acidosis. The levels of creatinokinasa were extremely high (47914IU/L). Urgent hemodialysis was done. The patient remained stable, with normalization of arterial pH and a syndrome compatible with abstinence, which was treated with benzodiazepines. After ten days he presented total recovery of renal function. This case illustrates the occurrence of rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury due to the use of cocaine. It is important to have in mind the possible occurrence of these complications in every drug user patient, in order to give adequate diagnosis and treatment.