Estudo comparativo de resíduos de agrotóxicos em tomates comercializados no estado do Ceará

Abstract

The tomato is a fruit, however it is studied in the group of vegetables, being one of the most cultivated and consumed in Brazil and in the world. There are several diseases caused by fungi and bacteria that can affect the tomato, as well as a wide variety of pests that can affect the tomato plant from cultivation to harvest, and therefore an intense spraying with pesticides in this culture is practiced in order to protect crops. Thus, pesticide residues are often found in monitoring carried out on tomatoes. This study aimed to compare the presence of pesticide residues in organic and conventional tomatoes, and to quantify these residues, comparing the results with national legislation. Using the QuEChERS citrate extraction method, eight tomato samples were analyzed, four from organic tomatoes and four from conventional tomatoes, by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Of the four samples of organic tomato (TOP, TOS, TOSL and TOPA), none showed pesticide residue, being considered satisfactory. But in three of the four samples of conventional tomato (TNG, TNR, TNC and TNCR), pesticide residue was detected. The TNG and TNR samples showed chlorpyrifos at concentrations of 0.158 mg/kg and 0.351 mg/kg, respectively, the values found are within the maximum residue limit allowed for tomato cultivation, which is 0.500 mg/kg, a value established by the RE No. 2,241 of September 14, 2005. Thus, the TNG, TNR and TNC samples were considered satisfactory. The TNCR sample showed residues of bifenthrin and permethrin, with concentrations of 0.130 mg/kg and 1.243 mg/kg, respectively. These values found are above the maximum residue limit allowed by RE Nº 165 of August 2003 for tomato crops, which is 0.020 for bifenthrin and 0.500 mg/kg for cypermethrin, the TNCR sample was the only one considered unsatisfactory .