Perfil sociodemográfico e clínico de indivíduos com Chikungunya entre os anos de 2018 a 2020 na cidade de Fortaleza, Ceará

Abstract

Introduction: Chikungunya (CHIK) is an infectious disease caused by the CHIK virus, an alphavirus belonging to the Togaviridae family, transmitted through the infected bite of the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquito. Objectives: This study describes the sociodemographic and clinical profile of individuals with laboratory confirmation of CHIK in Fortaleza in the years 2018 to 2020. Method: The sample consisted of 305 confirmed cases of CHIK, through analysis of data recorded in the Daily Health Monitoring System (SIMDA), of the Municipal Health Department of Fortaleza, using data referring to the incidence of CHIK in Fortaleza from the years 2018 to 2020. Results: In 2018, the city of Fortaleza registered 138 laboratory confirmed cases of CHIK, 44 cases in 2019 and 123 cases until November 2020. The profile of the sample is predominantly female (72%), 63.61% were in the age group between 18-59 years old with an average age of 36.42 (± 22) years old. Arterial hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity, being present in 16% of the sample. The redominant signs and symptoms were fever, headache, myalgia and arthralgia. An association of myalgia (p 0.001), headache (p = 0.09), back pain (p 0.001) and joint pain (p = 0.11) with the manifestation of CHIK in adults, and leukopenia (p = 0.36) in the elderly. Conclusion: Identifying the prevalence and association with the age group of CHIK cases can assist in the identification of cases and thus help to outline public health policy planning to face this arbovirus.