Prematuridade e hipertensão, fatores complicadores dos resultados neonatais de gestantes com RCF atendidas em maternidade terciária do Ceará

Abstract

Objectives: to study the cases of fetal growth restriction (FGR), gestational age and the stage of Gratacós in which they are diagnosed, the associated maternal factors and the neonatal results obtained. Methodology: We reviewed 134 medical records of mothers of live newborns weighing less than 2700 grams from January 2018 to April 2019 at Maternidade Escola Assis Chateaubriand (MEAC) diagnosed with FGR. The cases of congenital malformation, twin pregnancies and infection were excluded. Variables were analyzed by Pearson’s, t-student, chi-square tests of the STATA 11 statistical program, considering a 0.05 significance. Results: The RCF was divided according to gestational age at delivery into two groups: Group A at term were those with gestational age at delivery greater than or equal to 37 weeks; Group B preterm were those with gestational age at delivery less than 37 weeks. The diagnosis of RCF happened around 34 weeks and generally associated with maternal hypertensive disease. The delivery occurred a week later. The majority (62%) were of premature births. The vast majority of cases were in Gratacós stage I, 98% and 91,6% cases in groups A and B, respectively. Early FGR, below 32 weeks, occurred in 26.5% of premature births (group B). Conclusion: Most cases of FGR occurred in primiparous, young pregnant women, with an average age of 28 years and initially normotensive. Hypertension and prematurity were two complicating factors in perinatal outcomes.