Saúde reprodutiva e comportamentos sexuais de mulheres presas no Brasil

Abstract

Brazil has the third largest prison population in the world. In 2016, the female prison population reached a total of 42,000, representing an increase of 656% compared to that recorded in the early 2000s. The objective was to analyze the sexual and reproductive characteristics of women prisoners in Brazil; Draw the sociodemographic and prison profile of women incarcerated in Brazil; Characterize the sexual and reproductive health of women incarcerated in Brazil; Compare the sexual and reproductive characteristics of women incarcerated with the general female population in Brazil. Cross-sectional study, carried out from a section of two national health surveys, one in the female prison population and female prison staff conducted in eight Brazilian states and the Federal District (DF) between 2014 and 2015, in 15 female prison units located in the five regions of Brazil and the second survey was the Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (PCAP) in the year 2013. The sample consisted of 1327 women in closed or semi-open regime and 5.543 women from the general population. The collection of the prison was carried out by the Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interviewing and the PCAP was through a questionnaire self-filled by tablets. Data analysis was performed using STATA version 15 where the Odds Ratio (OR) and respective confidence intervals (95% CI) with a p value <0.05 were considered statistically significant. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. It was observed that 90.1% (95% CI: 88.9-91.7) of the prey are of reproductive age, the mean menarche ranged from 12.7 years (SD 1.81; Minimum = 8 and Maximum = 19). As for sexarche, 69.5% (95% CI: 67.0-72.0) had before 15 years of age. The number of children varied between one and 16, with a mean of 2.9 children (SD = 1.89, range 0 to 16, 95% CI: 2.7-2.9); 51.8% (95% CI: 48.9-54.6) manifested symptoms suggestive of Sexually Transmitted Infection; 72.9% (95% CI: 70.3-75.5) never had a mammogram. Inmates perceive themselves to be more vulnerable to STIs / HIV / AIDS, which is why they test themselves more. As for the use of condoms in fixed and casual relationships, there is low adherence, justified by the relationship of trust and love for the partner. Being trapped favors having homo-affective experiences as a possibility to overcome and face weaknesses. Research related to the sexual behavior of women is still scarce, since it is a subject still riddled with taboos and prejudices. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss and implement strategies that address the sexual and reproductive health of women prisoners, guaranteeing their basic human rights.