Aspectos econômicos da construção civil no Brasil

Abstract

The Construction industry is influenced by a number of factors that dynamically relate to the sector. Economic policies that led to growth of family income and employment, increase in consumer credit, increase in supply of mortgage credit and the reduction of the Excise Tax of a number of construction inputs, were responsible for the growth of the sector in recent years. Construction influences a number of economic sectors, either through its high rate of employment, income, and taxes generation, or its capacity to generate demand in other industries. The influential role of Construction as a vector of economic growth is usually measured by the relative size of their aggregate output as a proportion of national one and by its wide network of industry connections and high employment multiplier effect. Another feature of this sector is the non-significant demand for imports, which does not affect the trade balance whilst the activity increases. Investigating the economics of Construction has paramount importance to understand its dynamics, the major political, social and economic factors that are directly related to its development. Thus, the key purpose of this paper is to analyze the economic aspects of Construction in Brazil, based on economic indicators from recent years. This is an exploratory qualitative research, applying the documental analysis technique. Documents are economic reports issued by Brazilian government bodies (e.g. IBGE, BNDES, and Ministries) and sectorial institutions (e.g. SINDUSCONs, CBIC, and ABRAMAT). Results confirm the relevance of the sector for the economy: on average, the sector grew at an annual rate of 5%; its share of Brazilian GDP increased from 4.7% to 5.7% over the last 10 years; there was also a 52% increase in employment level. From these results, it is possible to generate prospects for development of the sector and the whole economy for coming years