Influência da concentração e do método de aplicação do fluido de corte na rugosidade de peças de aço 1020 usinadas pelo processo de torneamento

Abstract

Given the current industry scenario, there is a need for increasingly faster machining operations that need to be attentive and up-to-date to processes that are modernized day by day. The machining process consists of working a particular part to give it a desired final shape and can be used in various situations. In it, cutting fluid, a generally heterogeneous mixture of water and oil, used for cooling and lubricating the contact between the tool and the part used can be used. This work had as main objective to verify the influence of the concentration of the cutting fluid on the roughness of 1020 steel parts drawn by turning machining. In the process the manual method of application of the cutting fluid was used. Thus, the workpiece was machined with cutting fluid at concentrations (100%, 60%, 40% and 20% oil) and a final machining performed without cutting fluid. The measurements were performed with a Mitutoyo SJ-201 electromechanical rugosimeter. The results obtained were 2.70 μm; 3.47 μm; 3.18 μm; 3.27 μm and 2.61 μm mean roughness for, respectively, 100%, 60%, 40%, 20%, and dry machining fluids. The results obtained from this work suggest that, in the condition in which the experiments were performed, different concentrations of shear fluid did not result in significant differences in roughness, since the obtained results were very close. Thus, we believe that the differences, even minimal, in the results may have been caused mainly by measurement errors and tool wear.