Elementos platônicos para uma teoria crítica da sociedade: uma leitura Marcuseana de Platão

Abstract

This article discusses Platonic philosophy from the reading perspective developed by the German philosopher Herbert Marcuse (1898-1979) in One-Dimensional Man: studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society (1964). Based on chapter Negative thinking: the defeated logic of protest, we aim to examine the elements present in Platonic Philosophy that contribute to the articulation of a critical theory of society, demonstrating how they point out to a social change committed to a liberating historical practice. Our problematic focuses on the logic of domination which is characteristic of the advanced industrial society, whose project obscures the emancipatory elements of reason. Hence the need to rescue, in the Platonic dialectic, elements committed to the emancipation of man. To outline the plan of our proposal, we will use the work Reason and Revolution: Hegel and the rise of social theory (1941), articles contained in Technology, War and Fascism (1999) and some Platonic dialogues, especially the Meno and Republic.