Produção de biodiesel a partir da mamona – Impactos na área cultivada com culturas de subsistência no Brasil

Abstract

In view of the crisis of the oil and the urgent necessity of if searching substitute and compatible alternatives to this fuel, this article is considered to analyze it if, with the implantation of a new energy matrix through biocombustíveis proceeding from vegetables that produce fruits or oleaginosas seeds, it is using cultivating ground destined to the production of subsistence cultures. Initially, an analysis of the oleaginosas and its application to the diverse existing climates in Brazil became. After, the culture of mamona was selected had its compatibility with the Brazilian climate, beyond, of being the vegetable that carried out the production of biocombustíveis from oleaginosas plants in Brazil. Using the methodology shift-share or differential-structural model that allows to mensurar the effect of modifications of the culture of mamona on the behavior of the other cultures of selected subsistences (maize, beans, rice and cassava), searched to verify the relative importance of the culture of mamona on the area, income and price. The selected Brazilian states for analysis had been the producing states of mamona in the understood period enter 1996 the 2005. The results indicate that the individual analysis allowed to observe that the subsistence cultures had had similar behavior for diverse analyzed effect e, comparing itself with the effect of mamona, although its effect area to suffer retraction, mamona presented substantial rises in the income, price and geographic localization stimulating, thus, the agriculturists to the plantation of this culture. With regard to the state analysis, it was perceived that all the states had presented negative effect-substitution, that is, had yielded area for the culture of mamona or, possibly, for other cultures not analyzed in the research. These results had indicated that, when elaborating programs that stimulate the production of commercial cultures, a minute study must be made on ground and its capacity has supported of each region so that does not have the exhaustion of fertile ground destined to the production of subsistence cultures.