Caracterização da frota pesqueira artesanal e métodos de navegação da comunidade de redonda, no município de Icapuí (Ceará,Brasil)

Abstract

Artisanal fishing is historically linked to the entire coast of Ceará, and its continuity tells a lot about the socioeconomic aspects of the communities that remain with the artisanal fleet as a means of work and family support. The municipality of Icapuí is widely known for the fishing and commercialization of lobster and other fish, also encompassing the community of Redonda, which today has a large part of its fleet being handcrafted, although this has not always been so. In the mid-1970s, the predominant vessel was the motor, but due to the cost of fuel and maintenance of the boat along with the reduction of fish due to overfishing, the boats were replaced. The objective of this work is to present the characteristics that cover the artisanal fishing of the community of Redonda, from the manufacture of the artisanal fleet, through the navigation techniques used by the fishermen and the return of the vessel with the fish. The study involves interviews with local fishermen who make their own fleet and use navigation methods without the use of technology, such as GPS. As a consequence of the simplicity of fishing, vessels are mostly coming and going and marking-type navigation methods are used, which uses land-based landmarks to keep in the right direction and at a distance safe from the coast. The results of this work demonstrated the importance of sailing vessels in local fishing and the principles of the visual navigation method through marking that are part of the history of the community of Redonda.