A influência da tecnologia BIM na geração minimizada e gestão de resíduos sólidos da indústria de construção civil

Abstract

An important, and often neglected, feature of computational modeling in the civil construction is its potential to act as a waste reducer. Software that work according to the Building Information Modeling (BIM) methodology allow for the generation of a large volume of information that can be used by professionals involved on the project for waste management. This undergraduate thesis initially deals with a descriptive survey about the students and professionals’ perception about using BIM to help minimize losses. A sampled survey was done empirically. Among the surveyed public, the sustainable benefits do not represent the greatest advantage expected with the implementation of the technology. However, its positive influence is admitted to reduce wastes by reducing the occurrence of errors, especially due to the early detection of incompatibilities. International opinions confirm the relevance of virtual modeling as an additional tool to current proposals to combat waste generation. This thesis also brings, as an exploratory research, a case study about the causes and recurrence of errors detected by a BIM software. The errors were detected during the project compatibilization process in a residential building. The classification of errors according to their cause was based on a model proposed in a scientific paper developed by Yonsei University. The present study verified the greater occurrence of errors by illogical design, 55% of the total, followed by 22% of errors due to discrepancy between drawings and 23% due to omission of items. The problems occurred especially due to interferences involving facilities. The gains in planning and monitoring activities along the construction stages with BIM technology interfere in the production of waste, allowing lower rates of waste. The goals of reducing, reusing and recycling materials can be greatly influenced by project review, detection of incompatibilities related to the occurrence of rework and future waste, more precise quantitative and simulations made in BIM. However, the dissemination of this technology specially involves social issues, adequacy and change of constructive methodology practices among professionals.