Modelo de mercado varejista de eletricidade para sistemas de distribuição ativos

Abstract

The high presence of distributed energy resources (DER), communication infrastructure, and consumer demand response are expected features of power systems of the future. This path leads to the establishment of active distribution systems, the management of which is a challenge in the actual electricity system context. Some of the problems to be addressed by these new grid operators are the integration and control of the DER, that are sources of variety and uncertainty, such as solar photovoltaic generation. Therefore, a new electricity market model is needed, one that accounts for the system new characteristics whilst sustaining the energy balance of the grid. This work proposes a retail electricity market model for active distribution grids that addresses the sources of uncertainty caused by distributed generation, and promotes user engagement by allowing decision-making and demand responsiveness in a decentralized way. The proposed model uses two contract environment to conduct energy transactions: a future and real time contract environment. This market model was implemented as a Python simulator that uses stochastic optimization and real-time pricing as a mean of enabling consumers to active participate in the use of the grid’s energy resources. Four test systems with different distributed generation penetration were simulated and the results analysed. The results showed that the proposed model maintains stability and allows for proper DER management.