Avaliação de riscos de acidentes de trabalho na construção de edificações elevadas

Abstract

Of the industrial sectors, the construction industry presents one of the most significant indexes of work accidents in the global scenario. Organizations to be able to stay on the market should not only focus on profit and competitiveness but focus on occupational safety and health issues. Investments in management tools are critical to quality, safety, and health, such as investments in risk assessment methods. In Brazil this concern in minimizing work accidents is already a reality, since statistical studies show that the rates of work accidents have decreased. This research aims to contribute to the evolution of the study of risk analysis, focusing on safety engineering and occupational medicine. There are several methods of risk assessment, among them the Risk Matrix method used in this work, being chosen for its wide application in several areas of engineering. In this work 103 sources of hazards were cataloged, aiming to find the risks in 16 constructive steps in high buildings. Specific questionnaires were developed and applied in an interview format directed to 45 analysts professionals, with experience in the areas of: civil engineering, work safety engineering, and building and safety technicians with experience in building works. Significant risks that were classified as trivial, tolerable, moderate, significant, and intolerable were obtained as results for each source of danger in the 16 steps. These risks were represented in the form of a qualitative matrix and through graphics, in addition, safety prerequisites were also proposed, according to the relevance of the evaluated risks. Thus, identifying the main critical risks in the construction stages in high buildings is the major contribution of this research, as well as to add knowledge to the processes of accident prevention in the civil construction sector.