Variação e modelo de tendência da linha de costa da Praia do Icaraí, Caucaia, Ceará, Brasil.

Abstract

Beaches are known to be unstable environments and economically, represent areas of wide diversity in human activities. Despite this, it is clear that these activities on ecosystems in the continent-ocean interaction zone are making it a major environmental sfress space. In this context, the aim of this research is to characterize the variation of the shoreline behavior, on the beach of Icaraí, in the municipality of Caucaia, Ceará, and make a trend model that Une for the next ten years. For this study were applied direct and indirect methods with GPS use ,specific software, satellite images and field practices, which identified the erosion processes in the area from 2004 to 2014. The population and urban development of the beach ocurred in a intense way by modifying the Coastal landscape in recent decades, generating a disordering of space and lack of public policies that prioritize environmental management of the area. With the results it was observed that there was the retreat of the coastline with a rate of -0.95 m / year, totalizing an average retreat of the coastline of -9.5 m in the last 10 years. The sea has changed the landscape through constant events waves and spring tide, which have reached the buildings built by the sea, destroying them. The trend model generated by DSAS software together with the data collected in the field showed that the beach tends to retreat in this period about 10 m, this number may be extended if the authorities did not mobilize to protect this coast. The growing occupation of ecosystems is resulting not only impacts that overwhelm the resources, but also in increased erosion due to decreased sediment supply area.