Cultura de segurança do paciente em unidades de hemodiálise na perspectiva da equipe de enfermagem

Abstract

Patients with chronic kidney disease are exposed to potentially adverse events (AE) due to the high complexity of care that consists of risk factors such as the use of complex equipment, invasive procedures and administration of potentially perishable medication. Therefore, the Hemodialysis (HD) units are susceptible environments to the occurrence of AE in the provision of service to patients, making imperative that the patient safety policy be adopted by the HD units. Then this work aims to analyze the Patient Safety Culture in the HD unit from the perspective of the nursing team. The study is of the transversal type, having an exploratory and descriptive character. In addition, the study deal with an intentional non-probabilistic sample, which is constituted by the totality of active professionals in the service. Participed thirty-eight (38) nursing professionals from two HD units of two public hospitals in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. The data were collected between May and June 2018, with the Security Attitudes Questionnaire, classifying the security domains as a strong or fragile área, after approval by the ethics committee. The simple and percentage frequencies were obtained for the categorical data. For the continuous data, the measurements of central tendency and dispersion were obtained. In view of this analysis, it was verified that a HD unit of a hospital presented a strong average (> or = 75) for the most of the domains and only one domain below the ideal (Perception of unit management) while the other unit had only a strong domain (job satisfaction). The majority of participants were female (76.3%), the largest age group was 31 to 59 years old with 28 professionals and the majority of professionals (57.9%) worked between 20 and 39 hours a week. Only 3 of the 38 participants reported that they filled out event reports. It was observed that the greater the time worked in the unit and hours worked per week, the lower the average of the safety culture domains assigned by the nursing team. In view of the results, knowledge of perceptions of safety culture will contribute to interventions aimed at transforming fragile areas into strong ones. Therefore, the study of the safety culture, besides revealing the scenario of the units, contributes to the direction of strategies with the objective of establishing and strengthening the patient safety policy.