Análise comparativa entre o uso de madeira da amazônia e de madeira de floresta plantada para estruturas de cobertura em edificações

Abstract

Civil construction is one of the sectors of the productive chain that most consume natural resources in the country and among these most used materials is wood. The wood is used in various forms, in temporary uses, such as concrete forms, scaffolding and shoring. It is permanently used in roofing structures, in frames (doors and windows), in ceilings and floors. To extract this material, we generally use two sources of raw material: native forests and planted forests, which are intended to produce raw material for industry. Therefore, one way of reversing the excessive consumption of natural resources by civil construction is the incorporation of practices that guarantee greater durability and lower energy consumption, that is, choosing more sustainable products and processes, that is, the problem that motivated our analysis was the Intense and uncontrolled extraction of wood from the Amazon forest to supply the construction industry. Together with the need to use alternative processes with lower cost and environmental impact. In this way, the present work aims to perform a comparative analysis between the use of Amazonian timber and planted forest wood, in relation to financial cost and environmental impact, for cover structures in buildings. Thus, to perform this analysis in relation to these two requirements, a design of a roofing structure of a party hall for both types of materials, calculated to resist the same actions, is used as an instrument of appreciation. The company STAMADE Consulting in wooden structures made this project available. Based on the quantitative obtained, financial, material and execution costs and environmental costs were measured as non-renewable sources of emissions in kilograms of carbon dioxide per cubic meter of wood (kg CO2 / m3). Emphasizing that the financial costs of each type of wood were obtained based on the values worked in the domestic market and the execution cost based on the table of SEINFRA (Secretary of Infrastructure of the state of Ceará). Finally, a comparative analysis was carried out between the use of wood from the Amazon and planted forest wood, in relation to financial cost and environmental impact, for cover structures in buildings.