Concordância entre grupos botânicos e diversidade genética no processo de caracterização em amendoim

Abstract

Peanut has great economic importance, the attributes relating to its grain. For this reason, it is essential the availability of productive cultivars, profitable and adapted to various regions, production systems and industry standards. Soon, the aim with this study: (i) characterize / evaluate peanut accessions of germplasm collection of the CCA / UFC; (ii) estimate the genetic diversity between them and; (iii) verify agreement between the existing botanical groups with estimates of genetic diversity. For this, we conducted a test with 43 peanut accessions belonging to the botanical groups Spanish, Valencia and Virginia, in a randomized block design with three replications and plots consisting of a line of 3 meters long. The spacing used was 0.60 meters between row and 0.20 m between plants. For discriminations were used 21 morphological descriptors. great variation was observed in the behavior of access as the morphological descriptors. The mass of one hundred grains showed the main discriminating factors, with relative percentage of 22.11%. The cluster obtained with the complete connection method, it was possible to view the dendrogram the formation of eight groups based on the Mahalanobis distance. For the analysis of the main components was identified phenotypic diversity among genotypes. The first three components explained 81.07% of the total variation. Subsequently, built a three-dimensional scatter chart for access of visualization, being formed eight groups, the same number of groups observed in the dendrogram. There was an average of agreement to high magnitude between botanical groups and genetic diversity, proving the dissimilarity between genotypes of different groups. So crossings between group access botanical Spanish or Valencia with those belonging to the Virginia group should generate segregating populations with high genetic potential.