Escassez de água no Brasil: racionamento e reuso

Abstract

Currently, Brazil is going through a period of sparse rainfall in some regions, especially in the Northeast this situation is perpetuated 5 years. The levels of the dams and reservoirs are well below their supply capabilities required population. If nothing else the lack of rain, we have a dramatic picture of waste and degradation of water quality. Concomitantly we have an inversely proportional population distribution, territorially speaking, in relation to the available water resources. Levels consistent with sustainable in the short, medium and long term demand managements more enhanced by the government, raising the importance of studies on new alternatives for use and water disposal in order to ensure their quality and longevity for human consumption. The studies for the reuse of water covered in this work contains basic solutions, generally as less noble use, or even a simplified treatment before re-use. The quality criteria for the reuse of water are based on requirements for specific use in industry, irrigation of crops, irrigation of parks and gardens, football fields, fire protection reserve, lawns, trees and decorative bushes along avenues, environmental and public health protection. The water reuse appears as an additional tool for the management of water resources, in order to reduce the pressure on supply sources, releasing water of better quality for more noble purposes.