Polimorfismos do antagonista do receptor da interleucina 1 (Il-1ra) como fator de risco para o câncer gástrico na população do Ceará

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) represents a serious public health problem, it is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world and is the fourth most common type of cancer. In Brazil, it is the third most common type of cancer in men and the fifth in women. While there are many known causes for this disease, the most prevalent involves infection by Helicobacter pylori bacterium. This bacterium can stimulate an exacerbated inflammatory response in the host, which promotes the development of gastric carcinogenesis. Recently, it has been found that the presence of polymorphisms in certain interleukin genes can modulate the degree of Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammation. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of IL-1RA anti-inflammatory interleukin polymorphisms on the development of GC in a portion of Ceará population. To this end, DNA was extracted from 124 tumor samples collected from patients undergoing gastrectomies in Fortaleza - Ceará – Brazil and 253 blood samples collected at the Centro de Hematologia e Hematoterapia do Estado do Ceará (HEMOCE) blood bank and the Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Sobral hospital in Fortaleza - Ceará - Brazil in healthy volunteers without a medical history of gastric cancer. The polymorphisms were identified by PCR. Patients and controls were matched for sex and age (± 2 years), in the ratios 1:2 or 1:1, and statistically significant differences were evaluated by Chi Square (χ2) or Fisher'sexact test. Previous research conducted in different populations associate the IL1RN*2 allele with an increased GC risk, but the current study found no evidence to support this claim. This polymorphic allele was only associated with the appearance of tumors in the cárdia region of the stomach, whereas the heterozygous genotype L*2 seems to contribute to an increased risk of GC in the Ceará population.