Avaliação clínica do uso de resina composta em restaurações classe II: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

The amalgam has been used for years, but in the quest for aesthetics, composite resins have become the restorative material widely used in dental restorations. With the advancement in mechanical properties there was the possibility of its use in posterior teeth, however, marginal microleakage, fracture, secondary caries and discoloration limit its longevity and its use in this location. This work is a review of the literature with the objective of investigating the longevity and causes of failure of composite resin restorations in Class II cavity of permanent teeth. A search was performed on the PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) and Scielo databases, including studies published from 2008 to 2018, using the terms "randomized clinical trial", "composite resin" and "class II". A total of 159 studies were found, which after analysis, 27 fit the criteria used. To obtain better clinical results, several alterations were evaluated: changes in resin composition, variations in photopolymerization techniques, use of various types of adhesive systems, use of low contraction resins, use of an intermediate layer of low viscosity resin, differences of behavior between the activated and chemically activated photoactivated resin of different viscosities, of direct and indirect application, between the hybrid and nanohybrid classes, and also between conventional composite resins. It was also analyzed the use of bulk-fill resin, a new form of composite resin with insertion in larger increments. The annual and total failure rates resulted in an average of 2.33% and 13.49%, respectively. In the retention criterion, the mean of the failure rate was 1.15%. The survival rate between the studies ranged from 56.5% to 100%. The changes developed in the restorative techniques and in the composition of the resins obtained favorable results.