Tolerância à informalidade, desenvolvimento e empreendedorismo: uma análise quantitativa para o Brasil

Abstract

This work investigates, quantitatively, in a general equilibrium model, the interaction between the entrepreneur operating in the formal sector, or informal, under the presence of imperfection in the credit market, fiscal policy and government monitoring, given a level of acceptance of the sector informal. Regarding the second sector, the activities carried out there are subject to a punishment that is increasing with the employment of the work in the projects. Agents are heterogeneous in wealth and entrepreneurial ability. The model is calibrated and solved for Brazil. The results of the work suggest that a lower degree of tolerance of the government in relation to the informal sector results in significant changes in the work units and agents moving from the informal entrepreneurship to the formal one. Taxes on the formal entrepreneur also play an important role: a reduction, in addition to improving the economic environment, shifting an informal production to a formality, leads one to believe that it is a Brazilian economy and is in a wrong side in the Laffer Curve. The assessment of the credit market is based on the understanding of a more developed market, in the form of better credit access, has a positive effect on formal production and reduces the economy’s informality. In addition, policy combinations are proposed in order to set the brazilian informal sector size as the average of OECD countries.