Aplicação do questionário "Scored"para rastreamento da doença renal crônica entre pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos na unidade-sede do Programa de Saúde da Família em Meruoca, Ceará

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is asymptomatic in its initial stages; therefore, its early diagnosis depends on screening. A large number of people at risk for CKD are not assessed for renal function. A questionnaire denominated SCORED (Screening for Occult Renal Disease) was developed to predict the probability of an individual presenting CKD, based on demographic and clinical information, without the need for laboratory results. Our study had as objective to assess the performance of SCORED among subjects with diabetes and hypertension registered in the Family Health Program in the city of Meruoca, Ceará. The sample was made up of 221 participants. A glomerular filtration rate less than 60 mL/min was used for the diagnosis of CKD. Performance results on SCORED were the following: the score was an independent predictor for the presence of CKD (OR=1.26; 95% CI=1.10-1.59; p=0.04); the sensitivity and specificity of this questionnaire were 97% and 23% for the diagnosis of CKD, with positive predictive value of 37%, negative predictive value of 94%, and accuracy of 47%. High sensitivity and high negative predictive value qualified SCORED as a screening tool for CKD among subjects with diabetes and hypertension. The use of this questionnaire has the potential to improve early diagnosis of CKD among patients registered in the Family Health Program, other than its applicability in the general population and in educational campaigns.