Estado securitário e biopolítica em Giorgio Agamben

Abstract

It is a very fruitful task to investigate the state of security in the thinking of the philosopher Giorgio Agamben, a thinker who exerts an enormous influence on the understanding of modern politics in relation to the political practices directed to the control of the governance in the contemporary world. Thus, our intention is to raise pertinent issues in the light of Agamben's political philosophy, trying to make explicit the problems of our policy regarding the issue of the security state and biopolitics. In this way, our proposal is based on the examination of the transformation of the policy into a juridical dimension, based on an indeterminate zone in which we do not know where the right and the exception are defined. Thus, according to our study, we will try to understand how this process of indefinition between law and exception, guaranteed, as Agamben (2002) states in a paradoxical condition of sovereign power. The sovereign has the power to decide the exception of the right, in this way, he suspends the right to establish naked life, that is, life that becomes devoid of any legal apparatus. Moreover, even though we were inserted in a democratic state of law, this does not prevent the possibility of this right being suspended by the sovereign, since he can only decide on the exception to the rule. In this sense, our idea is to analyze the incursion of this paradox in relation to the life of the individuals in this context of exception and security. That is, when the sovereign suspends the established norm, he at the same time includes individuals through exclusion. In this respect, paradoxically, everything outside the process is within its exclusion. Next, it is understood that the sovereign is the only one that is below the norm in force, since he is the only one that deliberated on the exception. In general terms, what is in vogue in our examination is to understand how politics is based on the discourse of security, highlighting the exception and also the problematic of biopolitics.