A influência do açude Castanhão na dinâmica do uso e ocupação do município de Jaguaribara (2000-2014)

Abstract

The construction of dams in the Brazilian Northeast is one of the adopted public policies, since colonization, before the water scarcity framework in the region. One of the most flamboyant and controversial projects in the context of açudagem was the Açude Padre Cicero (1995- 2003), popularly known as Castanhão, which was announced to flood part of four municipalities of jaguaribana region of Ceará: Alto Santo, Jaguaretama, Jaguaribe and Jaguaribara. Of the latter, the dam waters covered two thirds. The City of use and occupancy characteristics have also changed with the installation of the weir. This is noticed in covering the areas of water previously used for agriculture and the emergence of dependent activities directly from the pond, such as fish farming. Based on the foregoing, this research aims to analyze the dynamics of the use and occupation of Jaguaribara, in order to identify this dynamic in the time scale before and after the construction of Castanhão (2000-2014) based on four county economic variables - permanent and temporary crops, forest products, livestock and fish farming. The mentioned municipality has a total area of 668.29 km2 and the chosen scale to work there was 1: 170,000. The research is supported by the methodological approach of geosystemic analysis, which proposes an integrated study of natural and social components. The procedures used to perform the work are: literature and geocartográfico (Landsat GEOCOVER 2000; CPRM 2003); mapping of the study area; field work and obtaining and interpreting the data econômicos- (IBGE, IPECE, FUNCEME). The use of the methodology allowed the delimitation of four environmental systems: Solid Western Shed Pereiro; Sertões Pediplanados of Jaguaribara and hinterlands Moderately Dissected of Jaguaribara; Riverine Plains and trays Interior Jaguaribara. The survey results show how the variables mentioned above were changed with the construction of the dam in the adopted timescale and how they specialize in identified environmental systems. In this context, this research will facilitate the provision of information and updated data about these changes in order to contribute together to the municipality and the state of Ceará to improve knowledge and environmental management of that area of study.