Consulta de enfermagem em radioterapia: construção coletiva de um impresso pautado na teoria das necessidades humanas básicas

Abstract

In Ceara, state of Brazil, the distribution of the main types of cancer estimated for men are cancer of prostate, trachea, bronchus and lung, colon and rectum. To women they are breast, uterine cervix, bronchus and lung cancer. The radiotherapy is one of the most frequent types of treatment for cancer and its collateral effects are variable, being classified into general and specific ones. The nursing consultation, which is private activity of the nurse, utilize scientific methods components to identify health/illness situations, to prescribe and to implement nursing measures which contribute to preventing, promoting and recover the person, family and community’s health. The insertion of the Oncology Academic League (LAON), which belongs to the Nursing Department of Ceara Federal University (UFC), in the Oncology Integrated Regional Center institution, raised the problem of improving the systematization of nursing assistance to the people who were attended to the radiotherapy treatment. Elaborating an instrument to guide the nursing consultation to people which are in radiotherapy treatment in a high complexity unity of Oncology. The study is a convergent care research (CCR), which the principles are the maintaining a close relationship with the assistance practice, with the finality of finding alternatives which could solve or minimizing problems, and providing changes introducing innovations into the practice context. Through a collection instrument the profile of attended clients were evaluated. It was made a bibliographic research in scientific databases to construct the theoretical framework of the paper. It was conducted two workshops, in a private room, in the study setting, with the nurses and the researcher, in the first one with the use of a collection instrument to evaluate the human resources and materials and to present the built instrument with the bibliographic research, adjusting to the real necessities of the health service. The primary collection instrument was made following the theoretical framework of Wanda de Aguiar Horta. In the second workshop a collection instrument validation was made by the nurses. Then, the pilot test was carried out to test the collection instrument developed. During the bibliographic research 14 publications were identified to build the consultation’s paper. The collateral effects were identified according to the psychobiological needs, psychosocial and psycho-spiritual and the area radiated from, organized in blocks according to their graduations. The collection instrument was divided into two parts, the first one is the demographic and clinical histories, and the second one is the clinical evaluation and the nursing interventions. The collection instruments period of application was at an average time of thirty minutes. During the consultation there were no doubt from the patients in relation to the consent form and the questions of the collection instrument utilized. From the integrative review and from the workshops carried out with the nurses from the health service, it was possible to build a collection instrument for the nursing consultations in radiotherapy sectors. It is believed in this way that the nurses can provide a nursing assistance based on a systematized method, besides being able to offer a tool to generate data which could be utilized to researches and defining aims to a future intervention.