Aspectos pedológico-educacionais em uma área susceptível à desertificação

Abstract

The semiarid region of Northeast Brazil is at high risk of degradation or environmental vulnerability, caused both by the characteristics of natural factors, as the exploitation of resources to meet the socioeconomic needs of the population, resulting in a typical scenario of areas in process of desertification . The state of Ceará is presented with three Areas Susceptible to Desertification - ASD's, and the Middle Jaguaribe the region that shows the class of Luvisols. Thus, this study was conducted in two stages. In the first part, it is assumed that there are significant differences in morphological characteristics and physical and chemical properties of soil with vegetation and no vegetation, which are inserted in the same area exploited for subsistence without conservation tillage farming. Because human actions contribute to the phenomenon of desertification, to the second part, the hypothesis has suggested-that the fundamental educational institutions could help to minimize the impacts of human actions that the desertification process, through the promotion of education Soils in the basic education schools. The aim of this study was to understand the behavior of Luvisols in geo-environmental conditions of desertification under different density of states of vegetation and through Education in Soils propose didactic and pedagogical measures for basic education as a strategy to mitigate the action of impacts human in the process of desertification. Therefore, morphological descriptions of pedological profiles were performed, physical and chemical analysis of soil samples collected from trenches and mini-trenches, as well as micromorphological image analysis and infiltration tests, where it was found deeper, higher total organic carbon (COT) and carbon from the humin fraction (C-HUM), higher total porosity (PT), lower bulk density (Ds) and higher infiltration rate (VIB) in soils with vegetation to compare with the soil without vegetation, proving the importance of natural protection for pedogenesis and soil quality. In the second part of the work it was possible to observe, through the completion of the training course for teachers of elementary school, improvements in educational planning that will result in new pedagogical practices in the approach to the subject 'land' in schools, with strategies to facilitate understanding that content by the students and the dissemination of this knowledge to the community, improving environmental coexistence in semiarid region. Keywords: