Literatura: uma análise ontológica a partir do complexo da arte

Abstract

The present study intends to try out a preliminary definition of literature as well as of the realistic method, as pointed out by Lukács suitable to the role that art must play in the human world as it is able to show the conflict between essence and appearance, to thereby grasp the reality process. In this sense, it presents a bibliographic review, calling, in the foreground, the contributions of György Lukács (2010; 1965), Marx and Engels (2010), Marx (2010) and still relying on Celso Frederico (1997; 2013). The art, in view of these authors, is an ontological statement, that is an instrument of man’s self knowledge. The literature, like art, inserted into the human, world would also constitute a way of distancing oneself from the everyday, immediate and fragmented life, for the elevation of the human being. Understanding art and literature as forms of higher reflection of human life, it is necessary to conduct studies that understand how this process occurs. This analysis does not turn to the subjective judgment of taste, but points out the horizon of true art, one that fulfills its function in everyday life. The relevance of the study lies upon the fact that this, in addition to sketching a dialectical dialogue between literature and Marxist criticism, opens doors for future studies to fully explore these first approximations.