Diagnóstico do médio e baixo cursos da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Acaraú/CE com ênfase na análise da vulnerabilidade

Abstract

The interference of the natural conditions of the environment by human activities exposes susceptibility to degradation of the media and the creation of risk generating factors. From this premise it is emphasized the importance of knowledge and recognition of the natural vulnerability of the environment in which they live for management purposes, in this sense the watershed is indicated as spatial area of study and environmental planning. The north-central portion of the state of Ceará, area drained by the basin of the Rio Acaraú, is home to a diverse mosaic of environmental systems and is marked by the historical process of occupation of Ceará river areas. The diverse uses and occupations that exist are often inadequate and exhausting to environments. in order to meet the following objectives: a diagnosis of the medium and low Acaraú river courses with emphasis on the analysis of the conditions of Natural vulnerability, based on the geosystemic view, on the utilization of the hydrographic basin as a unit of study and on the diagnosis of the vulnerability conditions, in order to guide the planning and management of the basin. This objective was also delineated in assessing how the activities of use and occupation of the area trigger changes in the environment, and the role played by the Acaraú River Basin Committee. Through bibliographical and cartographic survey, field observation and use of geoprocessing techniques it was found that the naturally more vulnerable area - the lower course of the basin sector - is the most intensely busy for diverse uses. This intense concentration has caused, therefore, that area to be more environmentally vulnerable. Managing this basin, especially its middle and lower courses, prints the needs of a non-hierarchical and democratic management, which seeks to be based on the principles of environmental governance as it involves multiple interests of users.