Aposições restritivas no português brasileiro escrito contemporâneo: análise e formalização no modelo da gramática discursivo-funcional

Abstract

This research belongs to the Linguistic area and aims to the analysis of the close appositions in contemporary written Brazilian Portuguese. In order to achieve this goal, the Functional Discourse Grammar (GDF) of Hegenveld and Mackenzie (2008) and the analysis Keiser made for the restrictive appositions in English were used. The FDG (GDF) has its organization characterized as top-down and it is divided into four levels of representation, forming a Grammatical Component: Interpersonal and Representational level, where the Formulation occurs, and the Morphosyntactic and Phonological levels where Codification is processed. These samples were analyzed in three of the four levels of the FDG (GDF): Interpersonal, Representational and Morphosyntactic. They were also analyzed according to the discursive functions proposed by Keizer (2005): Identification by means of more specific information, identification by means of description, contextually new identification and identification through contrast of different characteristics or roles. The results of the analysis of these samples indicate that the restrictive appositions in the contemporary written Brazilian Portuguese are formed, in the Interpersonal Level, by a Referential Subact composed by two Ascription Subacts. At the Representational Level, the results indicate that the forming elements of the appositive construction have a restriction semantic relation in which the first element is restricted (nucleus), and the second element is the restrictive, and each has the predicate function. In the Morphosyntactic Level, they indicate that the restrictive appositions are formed by elements of the noun class. However, they present different subclasses of nouns: proper uncountable noun, common uncountable noun and common countable noun. The element that controls the morphosyntactic relations, that is, the first element of the construction, belongs to the subclass of the common countable noun, and the second element, the one that does not rule the morphosyntactive functions nor is influenced by these relations belongs to the subclass of the uncountable proper or common noun.