Desenvolvimento, implementação e avaliação do impacto de uma tecnologia educativa para prevenção de DST/HIV/AIDS em mulheres em união estável

Abstract

The study had as objectives to develop an educational video, to assess its content and technical aspects, to implement it and to assess its impact as technology for STD/HIV/AIDS prevention in women in long-term relationships. The study was of the technological development type using the technique of focal group for data collection. The research was carried out in four stages: development of the script of the educational video, assessment of the script of the educational video, recording and edition the educational video, and implementation and assessment of the impact of the educational video. Data collection happened in November 2010, during two mornings. Three focal groups were developed in the Family Development Center (CEDEFAM), with the participation of 25 women in long-term relationships. Data collection happened through a questionnaire to assess the script of the educational video and a route for focal group. The results of the assessment of the video script were organized in pictures, and the results of the focal groups were submitted to the content analysis technique. Content raters accepted the initial idea of the script, suggesting the change of technical terms and increment of information. Technical raters suggested substitution of affirmative sentences for interrogatives and inclusion of remarkable technological effects. After recording and edition of the video, the same was implemented and assessed. For its assessment it was performed approach of knowledge, attitudes and practices in STD/HIV/AIDS prevention, before and after implementation of the video, in order to verify the impact of educational technology. The results showed that after video implementation the participants gained knowledge on the concept of STD, on the routes of contamination, on the vulnerability of long-term relationship couples, on the vulnerability differences between men and women, and on the ways to obtain the diagnosis. It was verified impact in the attitude of accomplishing diagnostic tests periodically and of using condom as preventive method. The perspectives on practice point to the use of male condom because of the discovery of alternatives, like condom with scent and in different sizes. We concluded that the educational video constituted impact technology in STD/HIV/AIDS prevention in women in long-term relationships. Considering the transcultural character of nursing care, we recommended the accomplishment of similar studies with different cultural groups and the implementation of the video with other women in long-term relationships that have similar cultural characteristics.