Uma questão de linguagem: loucura e oralidade na escritura de João Guimarães Rosa, em O recado do morro

Abstract

This thesis is a study of the mad and the poet character in the novel “O recado do morro”, by João Guimarães Rosa, originally published in the book Corpo de baile (1956) and later relocated in the volume No Urubuquaquá, no Pinhém (1965) as desired by the author, alongside two other arratives. Reading the work has revealed a text that reconciles at once elements grouped within relations that are dichotomous and dualistic in Western culture, being the rational element, with its claim to truth by the positive side of the relationship of opposites. Therefore, the aim is to understand how these alluded social types contribute to the dissolution of the cultural boundaries through the construction of characters, speech and the images that emerge from it. For this, the novel was read from the concept of writing, thought by Roland Barthes, who conceives modern literature as a utopian space of freedom within the facts of language. Intertextual and metatextual comparisons were established to relate the literary references that justify the choices made by the writer in order to think new meanings for the text under discussion. Such analysis allowed the perception that madness and orality, as respectively understood by Michel Foucault and Paul Zumthor, are elements that challenge Western metaphysics from the form itself, like the writing of the author, whose analysis alludes to the ideas of thinkers such as Friedrich Nietzsche, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari.