Caracterização estrutural e magnética de óxidos semicondutores magnéticos SnO2 e ZnO dopados com Fe, Co ou Mn sintetizados por moagem mecânica e sol-gel proteico

Abstract

In this work, we studied the thermal, structural and magnetic properties of semiconductor oxides SnO2 and ZnO doped with cobalt, iron or manganese prepared by mechanical grinding of high energy and sol-gel protein. In general, samples taken presented nanostructured and the dopant ions Co2 +, Fe 3+ or Mn 2+ replacing Sn4 + or Zn 2+ ion host. Samples of SnO2 doped with Fe3 + and prepared by grinding increased by doping the semiconductor matrix as milling time function and showed no presence of impurities resulting from the synthesis. Results show the formation of iron sites in the SnO2 matrix with oxygen deficiency, which is assigned to the stoichiometric imbalance of the precursor compounds used in grinding. Samples SnO2 undoped and doped with Co 2+ and Mn 2+ protein synthesized by sol-gel revealed a large amount of organic material after the synthesis. This problem was solved with subsequent heat treatment. For samples SnO2 doped with Fe 3+ synthesis was more efficient suggesting that these ions behave as catalysts for the reactions. It was not possible to obtain complete doping the zinc oxide samples containing Fe3 + synthesized by mechanical milling, as several samples to the same concentration were subjected to several times of grinding without achieving complete incorporation of Fe3 + ions in the ZnO structure. zinc oxide and undoped samples protein synthesized by the sol-gel method with three calcination temperatures showed the formation of ZnO2 compound. The samples containing Fe3 + showed the ZnO compounds and ZnO2, with increasing fraction of the compound ZnO2 with increasing calcination temperature, suggesting that the Fe 3+ acts as a very efficient catalyst for the reaction. As for the zinc oxide samples containing Co2 + and Mn2 + showed only ZnO compound indicating that these ions acting as catalysts of the reaction more efficiently than Fe3 +. The sample doped with Mn2 + calcined at 600 ° C showed a fraction of ZnMn3. The magnetic measurements of all samples showed hysteresis loop indicating the presence of ferromagnetism at room temperature. The ferromagnetism of the doped SnO2 samples (both produced by milling or by sol-gel protein) had no consistent with the type and dopant concentration. It is possible that the ferromagnetism in these samples, obtained from the structural defects caused the addition of dopant atom and the synthesis process. Since the zinc oxide samples produced by sol-gel protein despite presençaa of ferromagnetism in the undoped sample, the inclusion of dopants magnetic ions introduced a considerable increase in saturation magnetization and a more modest increase in magnetic remanence. These results show that the substitutional doping Zn 2+ ions by magnetic led to a considerable improvement in the magnetic properties of the compound.