A função exponencial natural e aplicações

Abstract

This paper presents a study of the exponential functions, emphasizing basic exponential function e - also known as natural exponential function -, and its many applications that involve several areas of knowledge such as economics, biology, archeology, demographics, architecture, among others, making it therefore an object of interest. The work is divided into three chapters: Initial concepts, Natural exponential function and Applications. In the first, we present some basic sequence of real numbers, as well as the definitions of powers of rational exponent and exponential and logarithmic functions. In the second, we present historical aspects surrounding the number e and also its definition. We continue to study the natural exponential function, with its main properties, emphasizing aspects of the instantaneous rate of change (derivative) of this function. In addition, we see that the type f(x)= b. eαx, based on e, is derived proportional to herself. Finally, in the third chapter, we show how the functions of the type f(x)= b. eαx arising spontaneously in practicalsituations, such as continuous interest capitalization. And how, in general, it is closely linked to numerous situations and phenomena, where the rate of change of any magnitude is proportional to the value of own greatness at a given instant.