Aspectos biogeográficos e autoecológicos de encraves florestais úmidos no nordeste do Brasil

Abstract

The origin of vegetation found in the brejos nordestinos is linked to climatic variations that occurred during the Pleistocene, which facilitated the entry of species of Amazonian and Atlantic forests in semiarid areas. The dispersal and pollination are present evidence of the evolutionary process that led to the refuge for certain species. The present study examined the contribution of the number of species of Amazon and Atlantic Forest, Caatinga and Mountain Forests of Northeast to the floristic composition of Baturité mountain range, determining the dispersal and pollinating syndromes. The sharing of species between areas indicates the existence of adequate environmental conditions during the late Pleistocene to allow the exchange between the Amazon and Atlantic floras, creating transition environments or ecotones in moist mountain forests of the Northeast. The environmental predictors zoochory and soil organic carbon along with their associated ecological processes determine the distribution of species in the moist forests and hence the ecological niche. Baturité presents most species melittophilous and dispersed by animals, which differ between woody and non-woody components of vegetation, altitude and slope found.