Estudo Químico e Avaliação Quimiopreventiva de Humirianthera ampla Miers, Simarouba versicolor e cinco espécies do gênero Lippia

Abstract

Humirianthera ampla Miers (Icacinaceae), Simarouba verscicolor A. St.-Hil. (Simaroubaceae), Lippia Alba (Mill) N.E. Br. (chemotypes carvoneifera, citralifera and myrceneifera), Lippia gracillis Schauer and Lippia sidoides Cham., were evaluated as potential sources of bioactive compounds possessing anticancer activity (antioxidant or cytotoxic) by in vitro assays, and the chemical compounds were identified and quantified by epectroscopic and spectrometric methods. In H. ampla were identified and quantified five compounds in the leaves (squalene, α-tocoferol, campesterol, stigmasterol e β-sitosterol) and ten in the roots (vanillic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, syringic acid, galic acid, campesterol, stigmasterol, annonalide, simiarenol, β-sitosterol and lupeol). Annonalide isolated from roots of H. ampla showed very high cytotoxicity against several cancer cell lines in vitro. In S. versicolor were identified and quantified six compounds in the bark (campesterol, stigmasterol, taraxerone, β-sitosterol, lupenone e sitostenone). The evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of H. ampla e S. versicolors showed disappointing results when compared with other species. The essential oils of Lippia species were evaluated by CG/MS and the major compounds were timol timol (Lippia sidoides, 65,5 %), carvone (Lippia alba carvoneifera, 48,6%) geraniol (Lippia alba citraleifera, 38,4 %; Lippia alba myrcenefera, 31,9 %), nerol (Lippia alba citraleifera, 28,3 %; Lippia alba myrceneifera, 23,2 %), carvacrol (Lippia gracilis, 31,5 %) and limonene (Lippia alba carvoneifera, 25,7 %). Antioxidant capacity of the essential oils and ethanolics extracts of Lippia species were evaluated, and only the essential oil and the ethanolic extract of Lippia alba showed promising results.