ProJovem Urbano da Escola Papa João XXIII do Bairro Vila União: significados atribuídos pelos jovens na perspectiva da psicologia comunitária e da psicologia ambiental

Abstract

The investigation consisted in the analysis of Programa Nacional de Inclusão de Jovens (ProJovem Urbano) from Papa João XXIII School in Vila União neighborhood. So, this research tries to comprehend ProJovem Urbano in this place, through participative methodologies of community psychology and environmental psychology. In consequence, we investigated the reach of the psychosocial participative mapping and the urban trails in communitary re-insertion of the ProJovem Urbano students; we made relations and pored over the psychosocial participative mapping and the urban trails with the theoretical bases of community psychology and environmental psychology; we proposed strategies of communitary re-insertion of the youngsters based on social psychology. The theoretical bases are community psychology, environmental psychology and their interfaces with social psychology, highlighting the facilitation participative methodologies. The research broached the youth conceptions and contextualized the public policy of ProJovem Urbano from Papa João XXIII School. The sample had 20 students, which were members of the program in Vila União community, with the ages between 18 and 29 years. The methodology used was the qualitative research and the dialogic life-based method. We performed the psychosocial participative mapping, the urban trails and the cultural circles in the youngsters’ groups. To register the data, we used the field diary spanned by the participative observation of the researcher. To analyze the data, we utilized the sense building. The results of the research are divided into two macro-themes: 1) ProJovem Urbano and 2) Facilitation Participative Methodologies in Community Psychology and Environmental Psychology. They generated themes, sub-themes and the unities of sense according to the individual and collective speaks in the cultural circles. About ProJovem Urbano, it was a moment of analysis about positive and negative aspects of this program, providing a differentiated perception of the youngsters. About Facilitation Participative Methodologies, we could reflect about psychosocial mapping and urban trails, their stages, the ways of questioning the reality, the possibility of re-inserting the youngsters in the community. The relation between urban trails and participative psychosocial mapping made possible the knowledge about the specificities, differences and possibilities of acting with these methodologies, based in theoretical and practical way, community psychology and environmental psychology. Therefore, these psychologies provided a reflection about the re-insertion and re-socialization of the youngsters to the community, because they made possible the dialogue and the questioning of the reality by the knowledge and sensitivity to the place – the community, in this case. So, we concluded that the youngsters of ProJovem Urbano usually tend to stay far from the community, not participating to the community activities and not feeling like a member of that social environment. We also perceived this towards the program, because the youngsters receive a bursary and go to the classes, but they don’t feel like a person who belongs to that environment and don’t participate sure enough to the decisions and buildings. We highlight the importance of the youngsters connection to the community, the providing of activities that allow their socialization and the integration to this context. We also highlight the effective and contextualized participation of the youngsters in ProJovem Urbano to build a policy of/for/with the youths and the youth.