Dialogicidade, experimentação e aprendizagem cooperativa aplicadas ao ensino de ligações químicas e interações intermoleculares.

Abstract

The chemistry teaching at basic education faces several challenges regarding to achievement of its goals, which relates with the teaching practiced in most of our schools. In that context, this current research aimed to investigate the contribution of a rhymed didactic sequence in the conception of Paulo Freire’s dialogicity and questioning, and in the cooperative learning, to the learning of chemistry and citizenship formation of first grade high school students of electrotechnical course at Instituto Federal de Educação do Piauí – Picos campus. The theoretical framework that based this current reach were Daniel Lino Teodoro, Demétrio Delizoicov, Paulo Freire, and Wilmo Ernesto Francisco Junior. The development of this research had three following steps as base: Initial diagnosis, Application of a Didactic Sequence, and Evaluation of efficiency and acceptance of the Didactic Sequence. The instruments used to collect the results were: audio and video recording of each class; socioeconomic survey; diagnostic survey of didactic experiences and the Didactic Sequence acceptance, which were organized by using the “Likert Scale”. Application of specific questionnaires of students’ knowledge about chemical bonding and intramolecular forces, an evaluation survey of the didactic sequence, as well as informal conversations with the students registered in a journal. The results obtained on the diagnostic questionnaires showed that both research and control groups have similar profiles, such as low knowledge about chemical bonding and intramolecular forces. The results also showed that experimentation and questioning of chemistry contents in the primary school are not a common practice. The didactic sequence provided an improvement of content comprehension in both groups. However, a bigger number of students in the research group got more than 70% of the questionnaire right, and had a high level of acceptance. In conclusion, the students were able to achieve the didactic sequence objective, since the sequence was able to form students aware of their roles in the society where they live.