Estudo sobre as condições de sustentabilidade urbana nos espaços comuns em conjuntos habitacionais de interesse social em Fortaleza-CE

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the conditions of sustainability in urban spaces located in low income housing complexes from Fortaleza, Brazil. The analysis was done through these urban projects, by design documents. Collective spaces in low income housing complexes are public and semi-public places where residents practice social interaction. According studies, collective spaces are essential to promote urban sustainability because they stimulate social benefits. This research comprises three steps: First, a literature review about collective spaces in low income housing complexes, considering the urban insertion and the complex implantation, with emphasis on the five performance dimensions established by Lynch (2007) in his book "Good city form": vitality, sense, fit, access and control. These criteria were considered a parameter of sustainability in low income housing complexes. On the second step, were chosen fourteen housing complexes produced by the Housing Development Foundation from Fortaleza, known as "Habitafor". The elements of the collective spaces from these housing complexes were collected, organized and characterized through the analysis of their design documents. The third stepinvolved a comparative analysis of these collective spaces, considering their sustainability according Lynch's performance dimensions. The analysis rated the fourteen housing complexes in four categories: high sustainability, average sustainability, low sustainability and unsustainability, achieving the goal. Thus, this work aims to contribute for design process of urban projects which seek the sustai nability of collective spaces.