Contribuição ao conhecimento químico de plantas do Nordeste do Brasil: Lippia affinis gracillis H. B. K

Abstract

This work describes the phytochemical studies of the roots, leaves and stalks of Lippia affinis gracillis (Verbenaceae), popularly known in the Brazilian northeast as “alecrim de vaqueiro”. Chromatographic analysis of hexanic and ethanol extracts of the roots and leaves of Lippia aff. gracillis allowed the isolation and characterization of lapachenol (1), of triterpenes friedelinone (2), epifriedelanyl acetate (3), oleanólic acid 3-acethyl (6) and lantandene-A (7), of the mixture steroids -sitosterol and stigmasterol (4) and their glycosides (5), of the fatty acid tetraeicosanoic (8), of the quinone tecomaquinone (9), microphyllaquinone (10) and 5-hydroxynaphto[2,3b]furan-4,9-quinone (11) and flavonoids quercetine (12), hispiduline (13) and 3-methylquercetine (14). The chemical composition of essential oils Lippia aff. gracillis was identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GCL/MS) study from the leaves and stalks presented similarity small, were major constituents from the leaves the carvacrol (54,4%) (59) of the pcymene (10,7%) (53), while that in the stalks were the carvacrol (30,2%) (59) and biciclogermacrene (16,7%) (63). With the essential oils from the leaves and stalks, the carvacrol and derivative methyled and acethyled from the carvacrol had been made the larvicidal activitys (Aedes aegypti), molluscicide (Biomphalaria glabrata), antibacterial and antioxidant. Structures determinations of all compounds had been established on the basis of spectroscopic techniques such as IR, 1D and 2D NMR (COSY, HMQC, HMBC), as well by comparison with the published data for structurally related compounds.