Avaliação da rentabilidade do café ecológico, sob condições determinista e de risco: O caso da apa de baturité

Abstract

The coffee crop is characterized for decades as an important source of wealth for Brazil, being very resonsible for their growth and economic development, in Ceará, its good time was as of 1950, at the time it was harvested in the Baturité hills as Arabic coffee internationally recognized that enriched many producers. But the region currently is an area of environmental preservation (APA) formed mainly by four municipalities, Aratuba, Guaramiranga, Mulungu and Pacoti, which have production of coffee with serious restrictions. Producers suffered by property speculation, instability in prices and the low yield, as resistance, such producers fall in the production of green coffee in search for better differencial of prices. Thus, for the present study, formulated the following objective: to characterize the production process of crop ecological coffee in the APA Baturité; and, to evaluate her profitability under conditioons of risk and deterministic. To achieve these objectives a primary data were used, relating to the harvest of 2007, and secondary data. For the results identified a process of production under dry conditions with little use of labor-family, low cultural treatments, no mechanization, use of inputs and expressionless high spending on labor. The deterministc assessment presents with profitability average high, margins and profits average high, and points of balance of yield, mostly, below the average production, were identified better outcomes for children of land owners, especially for those coffee Beneficiation machines, as well as for the largest owners without thos type of investment. In calculating the estimated value of the land, occupied with planting of green coffee, it is well above the price set by INCRAin the highest limit for recovery, but with value still lower than the market price of land speculative the APA. In the analysis of Monte Carlo, generally, it has been identified a reduced farming risk, the results were worse for producers to benefit from coffee machines, the highest average profits were achieved by smaller owners of land without benefited machinery. The medium and large owners of land were more profitable in risk analysis than in the deterministic. In no simulation it has been observed an estimated value of the land above the price of market speculation, but in all its simulations estimated average for the land were higher than the highest limit of valuation submetted by INCRA.