Efeitos de uma intervenção de enfermagem voltada à promoção do método dos dias fixos

Abstract

The Standard Days Method (SDM) is a contraceptive option part of the methods offered in the family planning services; however, its disclosure and use are still scarce in Brazil. Therefore, it becomes essential to promote the SDM in the Unified Health System in the country. For this purpose, we established the thesis: Nursing intervention based on educational strategy using the workshop technique is effective in promoting the SDM, improving the knowledge, attitude, and practice of women as regards the method. Thus, we conducted a quasi-experimental research aimed to test a nursing intervention based on the use of the workshop technique. The study followed the steps: presentation exercise, integration exercise, dialogue-exhibition about the SDM, making the necklace, presenting the use of the necklace by participants, and workshop evaluation. We included women of childbearing age, users of a primary health care unit of the 6th Regional Executive Office in Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Data collection happened from June to December 2013 through interview and Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) survey applied before and after the intervention (immediately and after one and two months), with 102, 47, 30, and 27 female participants in their respective moments of investigation. Data analysis occurred through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. We used the McNemar’s test to compare the KAP of participants before and after the intervention. We submitted the research project to the Research Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal do Ceará, in accordance with Resolution No. 466/12, which approved it under protocol No. 237.127. The participants signed the Free and Informed Consent Form. The participants presented an average age of 26.98 ±6.96 years; average monthly income of R$1073.11 ±721.05; 79 (77.5%) women reported being in a stable relationship; average of 9.10 ±2.63 years of education; average of 1.52 ±1.51 child; 100.0% reported previous use of some contraceptive method, with 63 (61.8%) informing side effects from its use; 70 (68.6%) women had no desire to become pregnant. The nursing intervention promoted improvement in all items of knowledge and attitude dimensions in the three post-intervention surveys. The dimension of practice before the intervention and immediately after proved nonexistent, and with one and two months after the intervention it increased to 25 (83.3%) and 23 (85.1%), respectively. The post-intervention surveys presented statistically significant improvement in knowledge, attitude and practice of participants (p< 0.001) compared to the pre-intervention survey. Given the above, we confirm the thesis that the nursing intervention based on educational workshop technique is effective in promoting the SDM, improving the KAP of women regarding the method.