Plataforma robótica multissensorial de baixo custo para uso em robótica educacional

Abstract

This work proposes the development of a low-cost multisensory robot inspired by the TurtleBot manufactured by OpenRobotics, aimed at educational applications in basic and higher education. The robotic platform integrates low-power embedded systems such as the Raspberry Pi Pico W, multiple sensors (LiDAR, ultrasonic sensors, encoders, IMU), and uses the Robot Operating System 2 (ROS2) as middleware for communication among components. The distinguishing feature of the proposal lies in the combination of low cost, open-source design, and pedagogical versatility, enabling its use across different educational levels. The methodology encompasses the design and implementation of the physical platform, the development of pedagogical practices grounded in active learning and constructionism included in a website developed in this work, integration with No-Code visual programming platforms such as BIPES, and the design of educational activities aligned with national curricular guidelines. The analysis of related work highlights the originality of the proposal by combining financial accessibility, technical robustness, and pedagogical flexibility. The results include a functional robotic platform, comprehensive documentation for reproduction and adaptation, and a structured set of educational activities that foster the development of computational thinking, creativity, and collaborative work. The platform was also tested in a higher education Robotics class, where its performance was evaluated through a satisfaction survey, where it showed satisfactory results, especially in the educational area. The project aims to contribute to the democratization of robotics education in Brazil by offering a viable alternative tailored to the national educational context.