Análise comparativa do impacto financeiro entre a migração para o mercado livre de energia e a instalação de usina fotovoltaica

Abstract

The Brazilian electricity sector, in recent decades, has provided increasing freedom to consumers through the gradual opening of the free energy market and the regulation of distributed generation. Such factors have driven the expansion of renewable energy sources and have allowed consumers to produce their own energy or purchase energy from the source of their interest. In this way, the present study will use, as its methodology, the development of a case study of a food retail company with a contracted demand of 100 kW, and, based on the analysis of the energy consumption history of the consumer unit, a financial comparison will be carried out between distributed generation with the installation of a photovoltaic power plant and migration to the Free Energy Market, with the regulated market serving as the comparison criterion. To verify the savings that the investment in a solar power plant will bring to the establishment, the energy tariff values of the utility Enel CE in the year 2025 will be used to compare the amounts paid on the energy bill with and without distributed generation. As for the scenario of migration to the free market, after verifying the company’s eligibility and choosing the energy source that will supply it, the average energy prices of the free market in recent years, published by the CCEE, and the tariff discounts due to incentives for renewable energy power plants will be used in order to estimate the savings obtained from the migration. In view of these results, it will be assessed which investment proves to be more financially attractive based on metrics such as Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, and Payback.