Gracilaria birdiae como biomassa para a produção de pigmento e ágar sob o conceito de biorrefinaria e sua importância no mercado brasileiro

Abstract

Macroalgae have been consumed as a source of food and compounds of industrial interest for many years. The cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food, chemicals and energy industries are more commonly used by the derivatives of macroalgae. One of the types of photosynthetic pigment is called R-Phycoerythrin (R-FE), a formula with dye and fluorescent power is still used on a large scale and the other is a polysaccharide with gelling, quantitative and stabilizing properties, paired with different products. industrialized countries. Therefore, the work was characterized as a source of macroalgae and is for the Brazilian market and propose a biorefinery for the capture of R-Phycoerytrin and agar from the macroalga Gracilaria birdiae cultivated in the coast of Ceará. Initially, a survey of data import and export data was carried out by country, by country and through a database from outside Brazil through the AliceWeb site of the last 20 years. Then, aqueous extraction of the G. birdiae pigment was performed with 0.025 M phosphate, pH 6.5 to give a residue which was used for agar extraction. As a result, it was observed that the Brazilian import of a growth and surplus since 1997, being the amount spent in 2017 of US $ 1,921,496.00. The exporters are without a subsidiary, São Paulo is the largest importer of macroalgae and agar from Paraíba, the largest exporter. Regarding the extraction of R-FE, the average result was 0.154 mg / g fresh algae, with an average purity index of 0.304. The extract extraction gas extract yield was 26%. It is concluded that Brazil presents an increasing demand for a product derived from macroalgae and has a type of G. birdiae agarophyte macroalga distributed on its coast, potentially cultivable in a maricultural system as a renewable source of agar and R-FE, which can be classified by biorefinery.