Internet das coisas (IoT) na mineração: aplicações práticas e seus benefícios

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) has gained prominence in recent years by establishing a network of mutual connectivity among objects embedded with technology capable of processing and transmitting data and information. In the mining sector, this technology has been applied at various stages, ranging from mineral exploration to ore processing. This study aims to analyze the use of IoT by addressing technologies such as smart helmets and the integration of sensors into geosynthetics, focusing on the application of IoT in mining environments and highlighting its benefits and challenges within the context of the digital transformation experienced by Mining 4.0. The study observes the growing need for mining companies to increase productivity, safety, and sustainability, emphasizing the strategic role of IoT as a response to the demand for more competitive and sustainable operations. Due to this demand, it is necessary to conduct a detailed analysis of IoT-enabled devices and to identify their limitations and implementation challenges. The study is based on previous research in the field that addresses the topic and the application of these technologies. It was found that the use of IoT proves to be efficient for the analysis of large volumes of data in real time, supporting decision-making processes based on such data. The use of smart helmets enables real-time monitoring, in addition to improving worker safety and providing operational information. Geosynthetics with fiber optics (FO) increase the level of structural stability monitoring along their entire length, thus offering improvements compared to conventional methods. However, connectivity in remote areas, such as the interior of the state of Ceará, represents a major constraint for the implementation of IoT in local mining operations and constitutes a critical future obstacle.