Influência da restauração ecológica para sequestro de carbono em áreas tropicais semi-áridas submetidas a processos de desertificação

Abstract

The northeast of Brazil is facing desertification due to its semi-arid climate. This region is known for being one of the most populated in the world and for having a high poverty rate.This population depends on natural resources for their daily activities, and the misuse of resources such as cattle farming and deforestation of the caatinga is a growing problem in the semi-arid region. The aim of this study was therefore to identify the potential for restoring the caatinga biome through carbon and biomass stocks. In this work, three areas were analyzed (A- Degraded Area, B - Restoration Area, C - Test Area) in the municipality of Jaguaribe - CE,comparing physical and chemical soil attributes (indicators of fertility and nutrient availability, microbial activity - RBS) and calculating plant biomass based on stem diameter at ground level.The results indicate that the restoration area significantly improved its physical and chemical soil attributes in a way that did not differ statistically from the control area, which corroborates that ecological restoration is a nature-based solution to contribute to climate change mitigation and provide ecosystem services, such as carbon sequestration and biomass generation,beneficial to all species, including humans. The results indicate that the restoration area significantly improved its physical and chemical soil attributes in a way that did not differ statistically from the control area. In addition, the carbon stocks in the evaluated areas A = 9.10Mg ha-1, B = 15.16 Mg ha-1and C = 17.80 Mg ha-1increased considerably, which enabled revegetation and, consequently, biomass production B = 36.2 t ha-1and C = 43.8 t ha-1. Area A has no vegetation, which is why the biomass stock was not estimated. This corroborates that ecological restoration is a nature-based solution to help mitigate climate change and provide ecosystem services, such as carbon sequestration and biomass generation, which are beneficial to all species, including humans.